【英文专栏】坚定不移走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路

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Intelligence Sets Sail for a Shared Future

坚定不移走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路

Adhering to the Chinese Socialist Approach to Rural Revitalization

唐仁健

Tang Renjian

2020年12月28日，习近平总书记在中央农村工作会议上发表重要讲话，站在向第二个百年奋斗目标迈进的历史关口，统筹国内国际两个大局，深刻阐释了为什么要推进乡村振兴、如何推进乡村振兴等系列重大理论和实践问题，为全面推进乡村振兴举旗定向、领航掌舵。这是一篇指导全面推进乡村振兴的纲领性文献，为做好新发展阶段“三农”工作提供了根本遵循和行动指南，必须深刻领会、准确把握，不折不扣抓好贯彻落实。

In a keynote speech at the Central Rural Work Conference on December 28, 2020, President Xi Jinping addressed major theoretical and practical issues regarding why we must promote rural revitalization as well as how we should promote it at this historic juncture as we work toward achieving the Second Centenary Goal while balancing domestic and international imperatives. In the speech, President Xi took the helm and charted a course for implementing all-round rural revitalization.

一、我国“三农”事业发展取得历史性成就

I. Historic achievements in developing the cause of agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作的重中之重，全面打赢脱贫攻坚战，启动实施乡村振兴战略，中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中，亿万农民同全国人民一道迈入全面小康。农业农村发展取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，为稳定经济社会发展大局、如期全面建成小康社会提供了有力支撑。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 2012, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core has made solving issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents a top priority in the work of the whole Party. In the years that have passed, our Party has achieved a decisive victory against poverty and launched the rural revitalization strategy, putting food security firmly in the hands of the Chinese people and helping hundreds of millions of rural residents and people across the country realize moderate prosperity in all respects. Historic achievements and changes in agricultural and rural development have bolstered China’s overall economic and social development and provided strong support to building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

农业现代化取得重大进展，农业综合生产能力迈上新台阶。深入实施“藏粮于地、藏粮于技”战略，聚焦种子和耕地两个要害，全面提升农业综合生产能力。2021年，我国农业科技进步贡献率突破60%，农作物耕种收综合机械化率超过72%，主要农作物良种基本实现全覆盖，完成9亿亩高标准农田建设任务，质量兴农、绿色兴农成为现代农业主旋律。2021年，粮食产量达到13657亿斤，创历史新高；同比增产267亿斤，连续7年稳定在1.3万亿斤以上；人均占有量483公斤，远超世界平均水平。重要农产品供应充足、种类丰富，肉蛋菜果鱼等产量稳居世界第一。我国用占世界9%的耕地、6%的淡水资源，解决了占世界近20%人口的吃饭问题，成就举世瞩目。不管国际形势怎么变化，我们有能力保证14亿多人的饭碗越端越稳、吃得越来越好。

We have made great progress in the modernization of agriculture and reached a new height in overall agricultural production capacity.

The food crop production strategy based on farmland management and application of technology has been thoroughly implemented, with the focus on the two key areas of seeds and arable land, leading to an increase in overall agricultural production capacity. In 2021, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to growth of the agricultural sector exceeded 60%, and the rate of mechanization of crop planting and harvesting was above 72%, covering all the main crop varieties, and helping develop 60 million hectares of prime farmland. Vitalizing agriculture by raising quality and promoting green development have become key themes of modern agriculture. In 2021, grain output reached a record high of 683 million metric tons, an increase of some 13.4 million metric tons over the previous year, marking seven consecutive years with annual grain production of more than 650 million metric tons. Output of major agricultural products per capita in China is well above the world average, at 483 kg. The Chinese people have access to plentiful supplies and a rich variety of agricultural products, with the highest outputs of meat, eggs, vegetables, fruit, and fish in the world. With just 9% of the world’s arable land and 6% of its freshwater resources, China has achieved the impressive feat of feeding nearly 20% of the world’s population. Regardless of changes in our external environment, we have ensured that more than 1.4 billion Chinese people have increasing food security and can enjoy better quality food.

脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利，历史性解决绝对贫困问题。新时代脱贫攻坚目标任务如期完成，现行标准下9899万农村贫困人口全部脱贫，832个贫困县全部摘帽，12.8万个贫困村全部出列，区域性整体贫困得到解决，创造了人类减贫史上的奇迹。接续做好巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接，全面建立防止返贫动态监测帮扶机制，确定160个国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县并给予倾斜支持，深化东西部协作、定点帮扶和易地搬迁后续扶持，工作机制、政策举措、机构队伍等衔接有序推进，守住不发生规模性返贫底线。

We have achieved a comprehensive victory over poverty and reached a historic solution to the problem of absolute poverty.

The goals of our poverty alleviation mission for the new era were completed on schedule, resulting in all 98.99 million rural residents living below the poverty line, all 832 poor counties, and all 128,000 poor villages being lifted out of poverty and the elimination of regional poverty. This is a miracle in humanity’s battle against poverty. We must align our efforts to consolidate and make further progress in poverty alleviation with rural revitalization, establish timely monitoring and assistance mechanisms to prevent people from falling back into poverty, and provide preferential support to 160 counties identified as vital to national rural revitalization. We must also deepen east-west cooperation within China, provide on-going support to targeted poor areas and people relocated as part of the poverty alleviation drive, and create links between work mechanisms, policy measures, and relevant offices and personnel, in order to guard against a large-scale relapse into poverty.

农村改革全面深化，城乡融合发展迈出坚实步伐。以处理好农民和土地关系为主线深化农村改革，形成了一批成熟定型、管根本利长远的制度成果。承包地“三权分置”是继家庭联产承包责任制后农村改革的又一重大制度创新，第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年，给广大农民群众吃上了长效“定心丸”。新型农业经营体系加快构建，带动广大小农户走上现代农业发展轨道。农村“三块地”改革纵深推进，集体产权制度改革取得阶段性成果。农产品价格形成机制和收储制度进一步完善。农民收入实现较2010年翻一番的目标，2021年农村居民人均可支配收入达到18931元，实际增长9.7%，城乡居民收入差距缩小到2.5:1。城乡基本公共服务均等化扎实推进，建立了统一的城乡居民基本养老保险制度、基本医疗保险制度和大病保险制度，农业转移人口市民化取得重大进展。

We have deepened all aspects of rural reform and made solid progress in integrated urban-rural development.

Rural reform has been driven to a deeper level, with the focus on properly handling the relationship between rural residents and land, leading to mature, well-defined institutional achievements that will produce long-term benefits. Following on from the household contracting system for farmland, the separation of ownership rights, contract rights, and land use rights for contracted rural land is another major institutional innovation in rural reform. The policy of extending rural land contracts for another 30 years when second-round contracts expire will dispel the concerns of rural residents for the foreseeable future. The development of the new operational framework for agriculture is accelerating, guiding the many small-scale farmers in China toward modern agricultural methods. The reform of the management of arable land, construction land, and residential land in rural areas is progressing in depth, and significant headway has been made in the reform of the collective property rights system. Price-setting mechanisms and the purchase and storage systems for agricultural products have been further improved. The income of rural residents has doubled compared with 2010 and rural per capita disposable income reached 18,931 yuan in 2021, an increase of 9.7% in real terms, while the urban-rural income ratio narrowed to 2.5:1. Steady advance has been made in equitable sharing of basic public services between urban and rural areas, unified systems of basic old-age insurance, basic medical insurance, and critical illness insurance for rural residents and non-working urban residents have been established, and significant strides have been taken toward granting urban residency to the rural migrant population.

乡村振兴开局良好，“四梁八柱”制度框架基本建立。党的十九大提出实施乡村振兴战略以来，先后制定出台《中共中央国务院关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见》、《乡村振兴战略规划（2018—2022年）》、《中国共产党农村工作条例》和《中华人民共和国乡村振兴促进法》，乡村振兴制度框架和政策体系初步健全，重点任务扎实推进。乡村产业发展势头良好，新产业新业态层出不穷、蓬勃发展。乡村建设扎实推进，农村人居环境整治三年行动如期完成，农村脏乱差面貌有了明显改观，村庄基础设施显著改善，农村教育文化、医疗卫生、社会保障等民生事业不断发展。乡村治理效能不断提升，党组织领导下的自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系初步建立，农村移风易俗持续推进，农村社会稳定安宁。

We have ensured a good start to rural revitalization by basically establishing its main framework and key pillars.

Since the proposal to implement a rural revitalization strategy at the 19th CPC National Congress in 2017, the institutional framework and policy system of rural revitalization have been basically put into place with the proposal and application of the Guidelines of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy, the Rural Revitalization Strategy (2018-2022), the Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Rural Work, and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Promoting Rural Revitalization, which have helped to achieve progress in the key tasks of rural revitalization. Rural industries have good development momentum, with new industries and business models constantly emerging and thriving. Rural development is advancing steadily. The three-year campaign to improve rural living environments was completed on schedule, which notably improved the dirty, disorderly, and dilapidated appearance of rural areas. Village infrastructure has been significantly upgraded, and education, culture, healthcare, social security, and other undertakings related to people’s wellbeing in rural areas are continuously being developed. The effectiveness of rural governance is also constantly improving. A rural governance system, under the leadership of the Party and combining self-governance, the rule of law, and the rule of virtue has taken shape, undesirable rural customs and habits are being abandoned, and rural society has become stable and peaceful.

二、深刻把握新发展阶段全面推进乡村振兴的历史方位和战略定位

II. Understanding the historic position and strategic standing of promoting rural revitalization in the new stage of development

习近平总书记强调，“只有深刻理解了‘三农’问题，才能更好理解我们这个党、这个国家、这个民族”。在“两个一百年”奋斗目标的历史交汇点上，习近平总书记提出“‘三农’工作在新征程上仍然极端重要，须臾不可放松，务必抓紧抓实”的明确要求，体现了对全面推进乡村振兴历史方位和战略定位的科学把握，需要从大历史观的角度，准确理解和认识。

President Xi has emphasized that, “Only by deeply understanding issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents can we better understand our Party, our country, and our nation.” In this historic confluence between the Two Centenary Goals, President Xi has stated, “The work of agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents is still extremely important on our new journey. We must not relax for a moment; it must be done quickly and properly.” His entreaty reflects the need to accurately grasp the historic position and strategic standing of rural revitalization.

全面推进乡村振兴是实现中华民族伟大复兴的重大任务。习近平总书记强调，“从中华民族伟大复兴战略全局看，民族要复兴，乡村必振兴”。回顾党的百年奋斗历程，“三农”问题始终是革命、建设、改革各个时期的根本性问题，我们党带领亿万农民实现了翻身解放、解决温饱、摆脱贫困、全面小康的历史性跨越。小康不小康，关键看老乡，全面建成小康社会兑现了“决不能落下一个贫困地区、一个贫困群众”的庄严承诺。进入全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，也不能落下农业农村，这是现代化进程中必须处理好的重大问题，关系现代化的质量和成色。需要坚持农业农村优先发展，通过全面推进乡村振兴、加快农业农村现代化，进一步缩小城乡差距，让乡村尽快跟上国家发展步伐。

Promoting rural revitalization is an important task in the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Looking back on our Party’s century-long struggles, issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents have always been fundamental in each of the periods of revolution, reconstruction, and reform, during which our Party has led hundreds of millions of rural residents in achieving the history-making leaps from emancipation, to taking care of basic needs, to poverty alleviation and, finally, to enjoying moderate prosperity in all respects. The proof of whether China has truly achieved moderate prosperity in all respects lies in its rural areas. Realizing all-round moderate prosperity means fulfilling our solemn promise not to leave any region or group of people behind. As we embark on our new journey toward becoming a modern socialist country, we must not leave agriculture or rural areas behind. This is a crucial point that must be handled properly, as it affects the quality of our modernization. We need to continue to prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas and to further narrow the gap between urban and rural areas by comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, to ensure that rural areas close the gap with national development as quickly as possible.

全面推进乡村振兴是应变局、开新局的关键之举。习近平总书记强调，“从世界百年未有之大变局看，稳住农业基本盘、守好‘三农’基础是应变局、开新局的‘压舱石’”。这么多年来，我国之所以能够创造经济快速发展、社会长期稳定这“两个奇迹”，一个很重要的支撑就是“三农”稳定发展。当前，外部形势复杂变化，不稳定性不确定性日益增加，更加需要稳住农业这一块、稳住农村这一头，赢得应对风险挑战的战略主动和回旋余地。也要看到，随着经济社会的发展，农业多种功能、乡村多元价值越来越得以彰显，全面推进乡村振兴也是挖掘农村内需潜力、畅通城乡大循环、构建新发展格局的重要举措。

Promoting rural revitalization is the key to coping with changing circumstances and creating new prospects.

For many years, the stable development of agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents has provided vital support to achieving the remarkable combination of rapid economic development and long-term social stability in China. Our external environment is complex and changing, with instability and uncertainty increasing by the day, so it is essential that we stabilize our agricultural sector and rural areas to seize the strategic initiative and give ourselves room to maneuver as we respond to risks and challenges. It should also be noted that, as our economy and society develop, the many functions of agriculture and the diverse value of rural areas are becoming increasingly apparent. Boosting rural revitalization is an important measure that can unleash rural domestic demand, facilitate urban and rural economic flows, and create a new development dynamic.

全面推进乡村振兴是新发展阶段“三农”工作重心的历史性转移。习近平总书记指出，“全面推进乡村振兴，这是‘三农’工作重心的历史性转移”，强调“全面实施乡村振兴战略的深度、广度、难度都不亚于脱贫攻坚”。与脱贫攻坚相比，乡村振兴是全域、全员、全方位的振兴，从农村贫困地区到全部农村地区，从建档立卡贫困人口到全体农民，从“两不愁三保障”到乡村产业、人才、文化、生态、组织振兴，可以说对象更广、范围更宽、要求更高、难度更大，是一场持久战。虽然乡村振兴是一项长期任务，但也有阶段性目标，中央明确在3个五年规划期内基本实现农业农村现代化，6个五年规划期内全面实现农业农村现代化，任务十分艰巨，需要积极稳妥、有力有序推进。

Promoting rural revitalization marks a historic shift in the focus of work on agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents in the new stage of development.

Rural revitalization involves energizing all areas, all workers, and all aspects of the countryside. It involves energizing all rural areas, including poor ones, and all rural residents, including people previously registered as living below the poverty line. It also involves implementing the “two assurances” and “three guarantees” (assuring the rural poor population that their food and clothing needs will be met and guaranteeing that they have access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing) and energizing rural industries, human resources, culture, ecology, and organizations. Compared with the poverty alleviation campaign, the objectives of rural revitalization are broader, its scope is wider, its requirements are higher and its difficulty is greater, and it will require a more protracted effort. Although rural revitalization is a long-term task, it is made up of incremental objectives. The central government has committed itself to achieving fundamental modernization of agriculture and rural areas within three five-year plan periods and completing their comprehensive modernization within six five-year plan periods. This is an ambitious objective that requires us to be active yet prudent and to make systematic progress.

三、真抓实干全面推进乡村振兴落地见效

III. Striving to promote rural revitalization and achieve results

确保粮食和重要农产品供给。这是乡村振兴的首要任务。当前城乡居民消费结构正在升级，不仅要吃得饱，还要吃得好、吃得健康，粮食需求刚性增长，资源环境约束加剧，紧平衡的格局短期内难以改变。必须把提高农业综合生产能力放在更加突出的位置，树立大食物观，保数量、保质量、保多样，从耕地向整个国土资源拓展、从传统农作物和畜禽资源向更丰富的生物资源拓展，在确保粮食供给的基础上，保障各类食物有效供给，把中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中，饭碗主要装中国粮。

We must guarantee supplies of grain and important agricultural products.

This is the primary task of rural revitalization. The consumption structure of urban and rural residents is improving. In addition to ensuring they have enough to eat, people are concerned about whether their food is good-quality and healthy. Rigid growth in demand for grain and greater resource and environmental constraints will make it difficult to alleviate the tight balance between demand and supply in the short term. It is vital, therefore, that we prioritize the improvement of our overall agricultural production capacity. We must establish a “greater food” approach that ensures the quantity, quality, and diversity of food products, and widen the scope from arable land to all of China’s land resources, and from traditional crops, livestock, and poultry to China’s abundant biological resources. Once we have shored up China’s grain supplies, we must guarantee effective supplies of other foodstuffs to ensure that the Chinese people’s food security is firmly in their own hands and that Chinese bowls are filled with food predominantly produced in China.

保障粮食安全，关键是把“藏粮于地、藏粮于技”战略真正落实到位。耕地重点是保数量、提质量、管用途。数量上，严守18亿亩耕地红线，足额带位置逐级分解下达耕地保有量和永久基本农田保护目标任务，中央和各地签订耕地保护“军令状”，严格考核、终身追责。质量上，抓好高标准农田建设，深入推进国家黑土地保护工程，分类改造盐碱地，提升耕地地力等级。用途上，严格落实利用优先序，耕地主要用于粮食和棉、油、糖、蔬菜等农产品及饲草饲料生产，坚决遏制耕地“非农化”、基本农田特别是高标准农田“非粮化”。科技上，重点是突破关键瓶颈，扎实推进种业振兴行动，加快推动种业科技自立自强、种源自主可控，分区域分品种补上农机装备短板弱项，强化现代农业技术装备支撑。

Central to ensuring food security is the implementation of the production strategy based on farmland management and application of technology. Our key objectives with arable land are to ensure quantity, quality, and management. In terms of quantity, we must guarantee the locational integrity of and ensure strict adherence to the minimum of 120 million hectares of arable land by issuing level-by-level requirements to local authorities on the goals and tasks for maintaining minimum area of arable land and permanent basic cropland protection. The central and local governments have signed pledges to protect arable land with strict inspections and lifelong accountability. In terms of quality, we will strive to develop prime farmland, promote the project to protect chernozem soil, classify and transform salinealkali soil, and improve the soil fertility of arable land. In terms of management, we will strictly prioritize the use of arable land for the production of agricultural products such as grain, cotton, oil, sugar, and vegetables as well as forage and feed, and we will resolutely curb its conversion for non-agricultural uses and farmers transitioning away from planting grain, especially on prime farmland. In terms of science and technology, we need to focus on overcoming key bottlenecks to energize the seed industry and improve its self-reliance and self-improvement as well as our independent control over seed production. We also need to address the lack of certain types of agricultural machinery and equipment in certain regions to strengthen the support provided by modern agricultural technology.

在粮食问题上，不能完全按照比较优势和效益优先的原则来考虑。要压实地方党委和政府抓粮责任，分解下达年度粮食生产目标，稳口粮、稳玉米、扩大豆、扩油料，实打实调整农业结构，确保扩种大豆和油料取得可考核的成效。严格粮食安全责任制考核，实行党政同责，推动主产区不断提高粮食综合生产能力、主销区切实稳定和提高粮食自给率、产销平衡区确保粮食基本自给。保护农民种粮积极性，健全农民种粮收益保障机制，力争做到政策能保本、经营促增效，让农民种粮能获利、多得利。

Grain security is not simply a matter of achieving a comparative advantage and prioritizing performance. We must get local Party committees and governments to take responsibility for grain production and issue annual grain production targets, in order to stabilize production of food grain and corn and increase production of soybeans and oilseed crops, thereby effectively adjusting the agricultural structure and ensuring measurable increases in the production of soybeans and oilseed crops. We must strictly conduct assessments of the food security responsibility system and ensure Party committees and government off ices bear equal responsibility for food security. We must promote a continuous increase in the overall production capacity of China’s major grain producing areas, stabilize and improve the grain self-sufficiency rate of major grain purchasing areas, and ensure the basic grain self-sufficiency of regions where production and sales of grain are balanced. We also need to ensure farmers are motivated to grow grain, improve the mechanism that guarantees farmers a profit for growing grain, and strive to underwrite the capital outlays of grain farmers with state policies and increase their incomes by changing how they operate so that farmers are better rewarded for growing grain.

巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果。这是乡村振兴的前提。脱贫地区和脱贫群众虽然实现了脱贫，但发展基础总体上还比较脆弱。要保持帮扶政策总体稳定，继续扶上马送一程，狠抓责任、政策和工作落实，确保工作不留空档，政策不留空白，坚决守住不发生规模性返贫的底线。

We must consolidate and expand upon the achievements of the campaign to alleviate poverty.

This is the premise of rural revitalization. Although poor areas and groups have been extricated from poverty, their development foundations are weak. It is vital that we continue our assistance policies to give people a leg up and ensure responsibilities are fulfilled, policies are implemented, and work is completed, in order to prevent a large-scale relapse into poverty.

对于有返贫致贫风险和突发严重困难的农户等重点群体，关键是做好监测帮扶，守住防止返贫的第一道关口。在监测对象上要动态精准，将符合条件的对象及时纳入监测，确保应纳尽纳。在帮扶介入上要抓早抓小，对发现的住房、义务教育、就业、因灾因病因疫突发严重困难等苗头问题，及时落实帮扶措施，将风险解决在萌芽状态。在操作程序上要便捷高效，简化工作流程，缩短认定时间。对乡村振兴重点帮扶县和易地搬迁集中安置区等重点地区，要给予倾斜支持，让脱贫基础更加牢固、更可持续。集中力量在乡村振兴重点帮扶县实施一批补短板促发展项目，持续加大易地搬迁集中安置区产业就业、基础设施、公共服务、社区融入等后续扶持力度，确保搬迁群众搬得出、稳得住、逐步能致富。

It is essential that we monitor and assess key groups who are at risk of returning to poverty or getting into sudden severe difficulties, such as rural households, as a first line of defense for preventing people from falling back into poverty. We need to take a timely and targeted approach to monitoring poverty relapses, with all susceptible groups who need to be monitored placed under proper supervision. Assistance and intervention measures must be implemented swiftly in response to issues with housing, compulsory education, and employment as well as sudden and severe difficulties due to disasters, illness, and epidemics to prevent them from escalating. To this end, operational procedures must be made more convenient and efficient, workflows need to be simplified, and the time taken to identify issues must be shortened. In critical areas, such as key rural revitalization counties and resettlement areas, preferential support will be given to shore up the foundations of poverty alleviation and make it more sustainable. We will concentrate resources on the implementation of projects to address shortcomings and promote development in key rural revitalization counties. We will also increase follow-up support in the areas of employment, infrastructure, public services, and community integration in resettlement areas to ensure that the process of resettling, creating a home, and moving toward prosperity succeeds.

改变脱贫地区落后面貌，根本出路还是在发展，要更多依靠发展来巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，让脱贫群众生活更上一层楼。抓住产业发展这个关键，精准选好主导产业，发挥好驻村干部重要作用，加快全产业链开发，促进脱贫产业提挡升级、提质增效。就业是脱贫人口增收的大头，要通过加强东西部劳务协作、提升帮扶车间、优化公益岗位等多种方式，促进脱贫劳动力就业，确保脱贫劳动力就业规模保持稳定。

The fundamental way to alter the backwardness of areas that have been lifted out of poverty is to develop them further. We must rely on continued development to consolidate and expand the achievements from the poverty alleviation campaign and raise poor people’s standard of living a step further. We must focus on the key task of industrial development by targeting leading industries, utilizing the crucial role of village-stationed officials, accelerating the development of entire industrial chains, and promoting upgrading and improving quality and efficiency among industries that have played a decisive role in alleviating poverty. Employment is the primary source of income for people who have been lifted out of poverty, so we must help many of them to gain stable employment by encouraging labor cooperation between eastern and western areas of China, improving employment assistance workshops, and optimizing public-benefit jobs.

扎实有序推进乡村振兴重点工作。聚焦产业促进乡村发展，乡村在食物供给、生态涵养、文化传承等方面有着得天独厚的特色资源和不可替代的功能价值。应充分拓展农业多种功能、挖掘乡村多元价值，推进农村一二三产业融合发展，重点发展农产品加工、乡村休闲旅游、农村电商等乡村产业，大力发展县域范围内比较优势明显、带动农业农村能力强、就业容量大的富民产业。同时，科学布局生产、加工、销售、消费等环节，推动形成县城、乡镇、中心村分工合理的产业空间结构，打造城乡联动的优势特色产业集群，带动农民就地就业增收致富。

We must proceed with the key tasks of rural revitalization in a steady and orderly manner.

We must focus on industries to promote rural development and recognize that rural areas have unique resources and invaluable functions in the areas of food production, ecological conservation, and cultural heritage. We must fully expand upon the myriad functions of agriculture and tap the diverse potential of rural areas. We should promote the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries and focus on developing agricultural product processing, leisure tourism, and e-commerce industries in rural areas. We should encourage industries beneficial to the people within counties that have obvious comparative advantages, that will drive the development of agricultural and rural areas, and that create large numbers of jobs. In addition, we must ensure that the key industrial elements of production, processing, sales, and consumption are in place and promote a rational spatial division of labor between county towns, townships, and central villages. We will also develop clusters of leading industries with unique features and links to both urban and rural areas and encourage rural residents to seek local employment to boost their incomes and become more affluent.

扎实稳妥推进乡村建设。以普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建设为重点，持续整治提升农村人居环境，加强农村道路、供水、用电、网络、住房安全等重点领域基础设施建设，保障基本功能，解决突出问题，逐步使农村基本具备现代生活条件。立足村庄基础搞建设，严格规范村庄撤并，注重保护传统村落，不盲目拆旧村、建新村。建立自下而上、村民自治、农民参与的实施机制，充分调动农民参与乡村建设和管护的积极性、主动性、创造性。

We will pursue solid and steady progress in rural development. We should focus on improvements to people’s wellbeing that are inclusive, fundamental, and meet basic needs, rectify and improve the living environment in rural areas, and boost infrastructure construction in the key areas of roads, water, electricity, the Internet, and housing. We must also guarantee basic functions and solve outstanding problems to provide modern living conditions in rural areas. We should develop villages based on the footprints of existing villages and strictly regulate the arbitrary merging of villages to protect traditional villages and avoid the needless demolition of old villages or construction of new ones. We will establish mechanisms to implement bottom-up village development that are both governed and participated in by villagers themselves, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of rural residents to participate in rural development and management.

突出实效改进乡村治理。抓好农村基层组织建设，强化县级党委抓乡促村职责，发挥好驻村第一书记和工作队作用，推行网格化管理、数字化赋能、精细化服务。健全党组织领导的自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系，把“四议两公开”制度落到实处，加大“积分制”、“清单制”等好经验好做法推广应用力度。创新农村精神文明建设的方式方法，增加精神文化产品供给，加大高价彩礼、人情攀比、厚葬薄养等突出问题治理力度，推动形成文明乡风、良好家风、淳朴民风。

We will seek substantive results in the improvement of rural governance. We must do a good job of developing rural community-level organizations, strengthen the responsibility of county-level Party committees for improving townships and villages, and utilize the roles of first secretaries and work teams stationed in villages. We must also implement grid-based management, digitalization, and refined services in rural areas. We will improve the rural governance system that is led by Party organizations and combines self-governance, the rule of law, and the rule of virtue. We will implement the “four plus two” working method for deliberation and disclosure* and expand applications of useful experience and effective methods of points-based and list-based systems. We will be innovative with methods to raise cultural and ethical standards in rural areas, increase the supply of cultural and ethical products, and foster civilized villages, fine homes, and honest individuals.

* “Four” refers to the four-stage process of deliberation in which proposals are made by a Party branch, discussed by the Party branch and the village committee, deliberated by a general meeting of Party members, and decided on by a meeting of villagers or villager representatives. “Two” refers to the disclosure mechanism whereby all resolutions and the outcomes of their implementation are made public.

（作者：中央农办主任，农业农村部党组书记、部长）

(Tang Renjian is Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Secretary of the Ministry’s CPC Leadership Group. He is also Director of the Office of the Central Leading Group for Rural Affairs.)

来源：译匠

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